Adjective

Adjective 

What Is An Adjective?

An adjective modifies a noun or a pronoun by describing, identifying, or quantifying words. An adjective usually precedes the noun or the pronoun which it modifies.
In the following examples, the highlighted words are adjectives:

The truck-shaped balloon floated over the treetops.

Mrs. Morrison papered her kitchen walls with hideous wall paper.

The small boat foundered on the wine dark sea.

The coal mines are dark and dank.

Many stores have already begun to play irritating Christmas music.

A battered music box sat on the mahogany sideboard.

The back room was filled with large, yellow rain boots.

An adjective can be modified by an adverb, or by a phrase or clause functioning as an adverb. In the sentence

My husband knits intricately patterned mittens.

for example, the adverb "intricately" modifies the adjective "patterned."
Some nouns, many pronouns, and many participle phrases can also act as adjectives. In the sentence

Eleanor listened to the muffled sounds of the radio hidden under her pillow.

for example, both highlighted adjectives are past participles.
Grammarians also consider articles ("the," "a," "an") to be adjectives.

Possessive Adjectives

A possessive adjective ("my," "your," "his," "her," "its," "our," "their") is similar or identical to a possessive pronoun; however, it is used as an adjective and modifies a noun or a noun phrase, as in the following sentences:

I can't complete my assignment because I don't have the textbook.

In this sentence, the possessive adjective "my" modifies "assignment" and the noun phrase "my assignment" functions as an object. Note that the possessive pronoun form "mine" is not used to modify a noun or noun phrase.

What is your phone number.

Here the possessive adjective "your" is used to modify the noun phrase "phone number"; the entire noun phrase "your phone number" is a subject complement. Note that the possessive pronoun form "yours" is not used to modify a noun or a noun phrase.

The bakery sold his favourite type of bread.

In this example, the possessive adjective "his" modifies the noun phrase "favourite type of bread" and the entire noun phrase "his favourite type of bread" is the direct object of the verb "sold."

After many years, she returned to her homeland.

Here the possessive adjective "her" modifies the noun "homeland" and the noun phrase "her homeland" is the object of the preposition "to." Note also that the form "hers" is not used to modify nouns or noun phrases.

We have lost our way in this wood.

In this sentence, the possessive adjective "our" modifies "way" and the noun phrase "our way" is the direct object of the compound verb "have lost". Note that the possessive pronoun form "ours" is not used to modify nouns or noun phrases.

In many fairy tales, children are neglected by their parents.

Here the possessive adjective "their" modifies "parents" and the noun phrase "their parents" is the object of the preposition "by." Note that the possessive pronoun form "theirs" is not used to modify nouns or noun phrases.

The cat chased its ball down the stairs and into the backyard.

In this sentence, the possessive adjective "its" modifies "ball" and the noun phrase "its ball" is the object of the verb "chased." Note that "its" is the possessive adjective and "it's" is a contraction for "it is."

Demonstrative Adjectives

The demonstrative adjectives "this," "these," "that," "those," and "what" are identical to the demonstrative pronouns, but are used as adjectives to modify nouns or noun phrases, as in the following sentences:

When the librarian tripped over that cord, she dropped a pile of books.

In this sentence, the demonstrative adjective "that" modifies the noun "cord" and the noun phrase "that cord" is the object of the preposition "over."

This apartment needs to be fumigated.

Here "this" modifies "apartment" and the noun phrase "this apartment" is the subject of the sentence.

Even though my friend preferred those plates, I bought these.

In the subordinate clause, "those" modifies "plates" and the noun phrase "those plates" is the object of the verb "preferred." In the independent clause, "these" is the direct object of the verb "bought."
Note that the relationship between a demonstrative adjective and a demonstrative pronoun is similar to the relationship between a possessive adjective and a possessive pronoun, or to that between a interrogative adjective and an interrogative pronoun.

Interrogative Adjectives

An interrogative adjective ("which" or "what") is like an interrogative pronoun, except that it modifies a noun or noun phrase rather than standing on its own (see also demonstrative adjectives and possessive adjectives):

Which plants should be watered twice a week?

Like other adjectives, "which" can be used to modify a noun or a noun phrase. In this example, "which" modifies "plants" and the noun phrase "which plants" is the subject of the compound verb "should be watered":

What book are you reading?

In this sentence, "what" modifies "book" and the noun phrase "what book" is the direct object of the compound verb "are reading."

Indefinite Adjectives

An indefinite adjective is similar to an indefinite pronoun, except that it modifies a noun, pronoun, or noun phrase, as in the following sentences:

Many people believe that corporations are under-taxed.

The indefinite adjective "many" modifies the noun "people" and the noun phrase "many people" is the subject of the sentence.

I will send you any mail that arrives after you have moved to Sudbury.

The indefinite adjective "any" modifies the noun "mail" and the noun phrase "any mail" is the direct object of the compound verb "will send."

They found a few goldfish floating belly up in the swan pound.

In this example the indefinite adjective modifies the noun "goldfish" and the noun phrase is the direct object of the verb "found":

The title of Kelly's favourite game is "All dogs go to heaven."

Here the indefinite pronoun "all" modifies "dogs" and the full title is a subject complement.



Written by Heather MacFadyen


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List of Adjectives

Click here for a list of over 1,100 adjectives.
The list of adjectives is something of wonder. Behold the modest adjective. It can leap tall buildings in a single bound. It makes the average citizen smarter and kinder. It keeps you in the cleanest car on the block. Such potent words should be used wisely. Read on and learn how to use your adjective powers for good.
An adjective's job is to modify a noun or pronoun. They are always near the noun or pronoun they are describing. Be careful how you use adjectives such as interesting, beautiful, great, wonderful, or exciting. Many adjectives like these are overused and add little definition to a sentence. Instead, show your reader or listener what you are talking about by using verbs and nouns creatively. Sprinkle fewer well-chosen adjectives for interest.
Adjectives are often used to describe the degree of modification.
The adjective forms are positive, comparative, and superlative.
This tree is tall. (positive)
That tree is taller. (comparative)
The last tree in the row is the tallest. (superlative)
A handful of adjectives have irregular forms of positive, comparative, and superlative usage.
These include good/better/best, bad/worse/worst, little/less/least, much-many-some/more/most, far/further/furthest.
My lunch was good, hers was better, and yours was the best.
Proper adjectives are derived from proper nouns. They commonly describe something in terms of nationality, religious affiliation, or culture. Like proper nouns, proper adjectives have their first letter capitalized. Some examples of proper adjectives include:
American
French
Japanese
Latino
Asian
Australian
Catholic
Lutheran
Jewish
The following lists are just a sampling of adjectives in the English language. They are categorized by the type of attribute they describe. Use your dictionary or thesaurus to add to each list or use the complete list below this one.

Appearance Adjectivesadorable beautiful clean drab elegant fancy glamorous handsome long magnificent old-fashioned plain quaint sparkling ugliest unsightly wide-eyed	Color Adjectivesred orange yellow green blue purple gray black white	Condition Adjectivesalive better careful clever dead easy famous gifted helpful important inexpensive mushy odd powerful rich shy tender uninterested vast wrong.	Feelings (Bad) Adjectives angry bewildered clumsy defeated embarrassed fierce grumpy helpless itchy jealous lazy mysterious nervous obnoxious panicky repulsive scary thoughtless uptight worried
Feelings (Good) Adjectives agreeable brave calm delightful eager faithful gentle happy jolly kind lively nice obedient proud relieved silly thankful victorious witty zealous	Shape Adjectivesbroad chubby crooked curved deep flat high hollow low narrow round shallow skinny square steep straight wide.	Size Adjectivesbig colossal fat gigantic great huge immense large little mammoth massive miniature petite puny scrawny short small tall teeny teeny-tiny tiny	Sound Adjectivescooing deafening faint hissing loud melodic noisy purring quiet raspy screeching thundering voiceless whispering
Time Adjectivesancient brief early fast late long modern old old-fashioned quick rapid short slow swift young	Taste/Touch Adjectivesbitter delicious fresh greasy juicy hot icy loose melted nutritious prickly rainy rotten salty sticky strong sweet tart tasteless uneven weak wet wooden yummy	Touch Adjectivesboiling breeze broken bumpy chilly cold cool creepy crooked cuddly curly damaged damp dirty dry dusty filthy flaky fluffy freezing hot warm wet	Quantity Adjectives abundant empty few full heavy light many numerous sparse substantial

Why do you need a list of adjectives? Adjectives can turn the ordinary in to the extraordinary. When used properly, they can add vivid interest to your conversation or written communication. However, there can be too much of a good thing. Please keep your adjectives effective by choosing them wisely.

Comprehensive List of Adjectives

Aaback  abaft  abandoned  abashed  aberrant  abhorrent  abiding  abject  ablaze  able abnormal  aboard  aboriginal  abortive  abounding  abrasive  abrupt  absent  absorbed  absorbing  abstracted  absurd  abundant abusive  acceptable  accessible  accidental  accurate  acid acidic acoustic  acrid  actually  ad hoc  adamant  adaptable  addicted  adhesive  adjoining  adorable  adventurous afraid  aggressive agonizing  agreeable  ahead  ajar alcoholic  alert  alike  alive  alleged  alluring  aloof  amazing ambiguous  ambitious  amuck  amused amusing ancient  angry  animated  annoyed  annoying anxious  apathetic  aquatic  aromatic  arrogant  ashamed aspiring  assorted  astonishing  attractive auspicious  automatic available  average  awake aware  awesome awful  axiomatic	Bbad  barbarous  bashful  bawdy  beautiful  befitting  belligerent  beneficial bent berserk  best better bewildered  big billowy  bite-sized bitter bizarre  black black-and-white bloody  blue blue-eyed  blushing  boiling  boorish  bored  boring  bouncy boundless  brainy  brash  brave  brawny  breakable  breezy  brief bright  bright  broad  broken  brown bumpy  burly  bustling busy	C cagey calculating callous  calm  capable  capricious  careful  careless caring cautious  ceaseless  certain changeable  charming  cheap cheerful  chemical chief childlike  chilly  chivalrous  chubby  chunky  clammy  classy  clean  clear  clever  cloistered  cloudy  closed clumsy cluttered coherent  cold  colorful  colossal  combative  comfortable  common complete complex concerned  condemned  confused  conscious cooing  cool  cooperative  coordinated courageous  cowardly  crabby  craven  crazy  creepy  crooked  crowded  cruel  cuddly  cultured  cumbersome curious  curly  curved  curvy cut cute  cute cynical	D daffy  daily  damaged  damaging  damp  dangerous  dapper  dark  dashing  dazzling dead  deadpan  deafening  dear debonair  decisive  decorous  deep  deeply  defeated  defective  defiant  delicate delicious delightful  demonic  delirious dependent depressed  deranged  descriptive deserted detailed  determined  devilish  didactic  different  difficult  diligent  direful  dirty  disagreeable  disastrous discreet  disgusted  disgusting disillusioned  dispensable  distinct  disturbed  divergent  dizzy domineering  doubtful  drab  draconian  dramatic  dreary drunk  dry  dull  dusty  dusty dynamic  dysfunctional	E eager  early earsplitting  earthy  easy  eatable  economic  educated  efficacious  efficient  eight  elastic elated  elderly electric elegant  elfin  elite  embarrassed  eminent  empty enchanted enchanting  encouraging  endurable  energetic  enormous  entertaining  enthusiastic  envious  equable  equal erect  erratic  ethereal  evanescent  evasive  even excellent excited  exciting exclusive  exotic  expensive  extra-large extra-small exuberant  exultant
F fabulous  faded  faint fair  faithful  fallacious  false familiar famous  fanatical  fancy  fantastic  far far-flung fascinated  fast  fat faulty  fearful fearless  feeble feigned  female fertile  festive  few fierce  filthy  fine  finicky  first five fixed flagrant  flaky  flashy  flat  flawless  flimsy flippant  flowery  fluffy  fluttering foamy  foolish  foregoing  forgetful  fortunate  four frail  fragile  frantic  free freezing frequent fresh fretful  friendly  frightened frightening full fumbling functional  funny  furry furtive  future futuristic  fuzzy	G gabby  gainful  gamy  gaping  garrulous  gaudy  general gentle  giant  giddy  gifted gigantic  glamorous  gleaming  glib  glistening glorious  glossy  godly  good  goofy  gorgeous  graceful  grandiose  grateful gratis  gray greasy great  greedy  green grey grieving  groovy  grotesque  grouchy  grubby gruesome  grumpy  guarded  guiltless  gullible gusty  guttural	H habitual  half  hallowed  halting  handsome  handsomely  handy hanging hapless  happy  hard hard-to-find harmonious  harsh  hateful heady  healthy  heartbreaking  heavenly heavy hellish  helpful  helpless  hesitant  hideous high  highfalutin  high-pitched  hilarious  hissing  historical  holistic  hollow  homeless  homely  honorable  horrible  hospitable  hot huge  hulking  humdrum  humorous  hungry  hurried  hurt  hushed  husky  hypnotic  hysterical	I icky  icy idiotic  ignorant ill  illegal  ill-fated ill-informed illustrious  imaginary  immense imminent  impartial  imperfect  impolite important  imported  impossible  incandescent  incompetent  inconclusive  industrious  incredible inexpensive infamous innate  innocent  inquisitive  insidious instinctive  intelligent interesting internal  invincible  irate  irritating itchy	J jaded  jagged  jazzy  jealous  jittery  jobless  jolly  joyous  judicious  juicy jumbled  jumpy juvenile
K kaput  keen kind  kindhearted  kindly knotty  knowing  knowledgeable  known	L labored  lackadaisical  lacking  lame lamentable  languid  large last late laughable  lavish  lazy lean learned  left legal  lethal  level  lewd  light  like likeable  limping literate  little  lively  lively  living lonely  long longing  long-term loose lopsided  loud  loutish  lovely  loving low  lowly  lucky  ludicrous  lumpy lush  luxuriant  lying  lyrical	M macabre  macho  maddening  madly  magenta magical  magnificent majestic  makeshift  male malicious  mammoth  maniacal  many marked  massive  married marvelous material materialistic  mature  mean  measly  meaty medical meek mellow melodic  melted merciful  mere  messy mighty military milky mindless  miniature  minor  miscreant  misty  mixed moaning  modern  moldy  momentous  motionless  mountainous muddled  mundane murky mushy mute  mysterious	N naive  nappy  narrow  nasty  natural naughty  nauseating  near neat nebulous  necessary needless  needy  neighborly  nervous  new  next nice nifty  nimble nine nippy noiseless  noisy  nonchalant  nondescript  nonstop  normal nostalgic  nosy noxious  null  numberless  numerous nutritious  nutty	O oafish  obedient  obeisant  obese obnoxious  obscene  obsequious  observant  obsolete  obtainable  oceanic  odd offbeat  old old-fashioned omniscient  one  onerous  open  opposite optimal  orange ordinary organic  ossified  outgoing outrageous  outstanding  oval  overconfident  overjoyed  overrated  overt  overwrought
P painful  painstaking  pale paltry panicky  panoramic  parallel parched  parsimonious  past pastoral  pathetic  peaceful  penitent  perfect  periodic  permissible  perpetual  petite  petite  phobic  physical picayune pink  piquant  placid  plain  plant  plastic plausible  pleasant  plucky  pointless  poised  polite political  poor possessive  possible powerful precious  premium  present pretty  previous pricey prickly  private probable  productive  profuse  protective  proud  psychedelic  psychotic  public puffy  pumped  puny  purple  purring  pushy puzzled puzzling	Q quack  quaint  quarrelsome  questionable  quick quickest quiet quirky quixotic  quizzical	R rabid  racial  ragged  rainy rambunctious  rampant  rapid rare raspy  ratty  ready real  rebel  receptive  recondite  red redundant  reflective  regular relieved  remarkable reminiscent  repulsive  resolute  resonant  responsible rhetorical  rich right righteous  rightful  rigid ripe ritzy  roasted  robust  romantic  roomy  rotten rough round  royal  ruddy  rude rural  rustic  ruthless	S sable  sad safe salty same sassy  satisfying  savory  scandalous  scarce  scared scary  scattered scientific  scintillating  scrawny screeching  second second-hand secret secretive  sedate  seemly  selective  selfish  separate serious shaggy shaky shallow  sharp shiny shivering shocking  short  shrill  shut shy  sick silent  silent silky silly  simple simplistic sincere  six  skillful  skinny  sleepy  slim slimy slippery sloppy  slow small smart smelly  smiling  smoggy  smooth sneaky  snobbish  snotty  soft  soggy  solid somber  sophisticated sordid  sore  sore sour sparkling  special spectacular  spicy spiffy spiky spiritual  spiteful splendid  spooky  spotless  spotted spotty spurious  squalid  square  squealing  squeamish  staking  stale standing  statuesque  steadfast  steady steep  stereotyped  sticky stiff stimulating  stingy stormy straight  strange  striped strong stupendous stupid  sturdy subdued  subsequent  substantial successful  succinct  sudden sulky  super  superb superficial supreme  swanky  sweet sweltering  swift symptomatic  synonymous	T taboo  tacit  tacky  talented tall tame  tan tangible  tangy  tart tasteful  tasteless tasty tawdry  tearful  tedious teeny teeny-tiny telling  temporary  ten  tender tense  tense tenuous  terrible  terrific tested  testy thankful therapeutic  thick thin thinkable  third thirsty thirsty thoughtful  thoughtless  threatening three  thundering  tidy tight  tightfisted  tiny tired  tiresome  toothsome  torpid  tough towering  tranquil  trashy  tremendous tricky trite  troubled  truculent  true truthful two typical
U ubiquitous  ugliest ugly  ultra  unable  unaccountable  unadvised  unarmed  unbecoming  unbiased  uncovered  understood  undesirable  unequal unequaled  uneven unhealthy uninterested  unique unkempt unknown unnatural unruly unsightly  unsuitable  untidy unused unusual  unwieldy unwritten upbeat  uppity  upset  uptight  used  useful useless utopian  utter  uttermost	V vacuous  vagabond  vague  valuable various  vast vengeful  venomous  verdant  versed  victorious  vigorous  violent violet vivacious  voiceless  volatile  voracious  vulgar	W wacky  waggish  waiting wakeful  wandering  wanting  warlike  warm wary  wasteful  watery weak wealthy weary  well-groomed well-made well-off well-to-do wet whimsical  whispering  white whole wholesale  wicked  wide  wide-eyed wiggly wild  willing  windy wiry  wise  wistful  witty  woebegone  womanly  wonderful  wooden woozy  workable  worried  worthless  wrathful  wretched  wrong wry	Y yellow  yielding  young youthful  yummy	Z zany  zealous  zesty zippy  zonked

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